Selecting nursing as a career option is rewarding when actually a nurse, but the route may not be clear for anyone exploring a nursing position. Practical nursing (PN) and Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) are two common positions when starting in nursing. Both positions have the same intention and outcome of provision of care and provision of better patient outcomes, however; they differ some in education, scope of practice, opportunities for advancement, and salary involved. When you are evaluating various decisions about your nursing career and healthcare education, it may be advantageous to know essential differences between practical nursing and associate degree nursing. Practical nurses (L.P.N., Licensed Practical Nurses) provide basic care as directed by only nurse or physician and have limited scope of practice as the practical nurse will not do patient assessments or perceive the student would plan the upkeep of patient care. Next to consider, Associate Degree Nurses will become R.N.s and have educational learning experiences the type of education and learning experience that an R.N. will possess the practice autonomy to plan a patient’s care, or direct care of the patient while collaborating with and contributing to all other professionals employed in a multidisciplinary health care environment.
Education and training requirements
The Practical Nursing Programs are offered as certificate or diploma programs, usually at a vocational school, community college or a technical institute, and typically last 12 to 18 months. The focus of these programs is on the basic skills of nursing, like performing vital signs, administering medication, doing wound care, and helping patient’s with personal daily living skills. Students will have clinical placements but they may be limited in comparison to the clinical experiences of an ADN program and may not have exposure to a wide variety of nursing specialties.Associate Degree Nursing Programs last about two to three years and are offered mostly in community colleges, but sometimes in university programs. ADN programs are more academic and academically rigorous. Nursing students are taught anatomy and physiology, pharmacology, microbiology, nursing rationale, and participate in practice and clinical simulation experiences. The clinical placements for an ADN program are broader in focus than that of a Practical Nurse program and provide students with a wider variety of specialty clinical placements like in pediatrics, maternity, surgical, and psych. So while both programs prepare people for a nursing career, ADN programs provide a greater depth and breadth of nursing education.
Licensure and certification
Both levels of nursing practice require that the nurses become licensed. However entry into practice, in fact the exams and process for obtaining the license vary widely. For practical nurses, in order to practice as an LPN, the student needs to take and pass the NCLEX-PN (National Council Licensure Examination for Practical Nurses) after they complete the educational program. After completing the test, the candidate demonstrates the ability to provide safe care and is evaluated on the nursing’s ability to provide safe and effective care at the basic level. An example of scope is the associate degree nurse who is required to take the NCLEX-RN (National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses) to practice as a RN. The NCLEX-RN is the more expansive of the two tests. Even as a first level entry exam, the NCLEX-RN tests for a higher level of thinking for clinical judgment and critical thinking are assessed for the exam. This basic difference in licensure represents the different responsibilities each profession is valued for and the scope of practice associated with each of the levels of practice.
Scope of practice
LPNs (Licensed Practical Nurses) provide basic nursing care including measuring vital signs, administering medications (not including IV medications in some states), changing bandages, and helping with bathing, eating, and moving. LPNs generate reports about patient conditions and any potential changes to the RN or physician. LPNs usually work under the supervision of RNs (Registered Nurses) and/or physicians, and any scope of independence to carry out patient care is limited. ADN (Associate Degree Nurses) have more scope of responsibility and independent practice roles than LPNs. ADN nurses can assess patients, establish and execute a care plan, administer IV medication, use complex medical technologies, and educate and advise patients and clients. ADN nurses supervise LPNs and nursing assistants, and they also maintain leadership positions in many clinical and nursing teams. Overall, they have more scope of roles and responsibilities, independent practice autonomy, and authority in their roles as nurses than LPNs.
Work settings and career opportunities
LPNs are typically found in long-term care facilities, nursing homes, assisted living facilities, home health care settings, and occasionally in clinics or physicians’ offices. Hospitals are hiring fewer LPNs to work in the acute care setting because of the growing pool of talent that requires more, but sometimes less, training. In comparison, ADN RNs can work anywhere from hospitals, emergency rooms and intensive care units to surgical facilities, public health clinics, schools, etc. They can also obtain jobs in case management, patient education, and supervisory positions. ADN RNs also have more options for career progression. Many ADN RNs will obtain a baccalaureate degree in nursing and thereon qualify to apply on as nurse practitioners, nurse educators, and administrators. LPNs seeking to progress in their careers need to transition into ADN or BSN program and become registered nurses on route to RN practice and subsequent professional advancement.
Conclusion
Both the Practical Nursing and Associate Degree Nursing services are good pathways into the health care field for different reasons and different people. If you want to get working in health care faster and at a lower cost, practical nursing may be the right decision for you. If you want more responsibility, a larger scope of practice, more pay and more growth, potentially an assistant degree in nursing would be a better play.